这种本能，可以防秃？哈佛研究发现起鸡皮疙瘩能促进毛发再生 goosebumps吉尼斯记录( 二 ) _goosebumps吉尼斯记录

双重意义
这篇论文的一作、哈佛大学博士后研究员 Yulia Shwartz 表示：“研究表明，人体可以利用很多不同的方法来调节毛囊干细胞活性，这是研究组织再生的一种极好的模型。这种特殊的反应有助于将组织再生与外界的变化（如温度）结合起来。这具有双重意义：鸡皮疙瘩是短期内缓解寒冷的快速方法；但当寒冷持续时，干细胞就知道是时候再生新的毛发了。”
未来，研究人员将进一步探索外部环境是如何影响皮肤中的干细胞的。比如在机体处于稳态，或者处于伤口愈合等修复情况下的皮肤干细胞活动。
Ya-Chieh Hsu 说：“我们生活在一个不断变化的环境中。因为皮肤总是与外界接触，所以我们有机会研究人体内的干细胞利用什么机制将组织再生与不断变化的需求结合起来。这种机制对生物体在这个充满活力的世界中茁壮成长至关重要。”
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论文信息
【标题】Cell Types Promoting Goosebumps Form a Niche to Regulate Hair Follicle Stem Cells
【作者】Yulia Shwartz, Meryem Gonzalez-Celeiro, Chih-LungChen, H. AmaliaPasolli, Shu-Hsien Sheu, Sabrina Mai-Yi Fan, Farnaz Shamsi, Steven Assaad, Edrick Tai-Yu Lin, BingZhang, Pai-ChiTsai, Megan He, Yu-Hua Tseng, Sung-JanLin, Ya-Chieh Hsu
【期刊】Cell
【日期】16 July 2020
【DOI】10.1016/j.cell.2020.06.031
【摘要】
Piloerection (goosebumps) requires concerted actions of the hair follicle, the arrector pili muscle (APM), and the sympathetic nerve, providing a model to study interactions across epithelium, mesenchyme, and nerves. Here, we show that APMs and sympathetic nerves form a dual-component niche to modulate hair follicle stem cell (HFSC) activity. Sympathetic nerves form synapse-like structures with HFSCs and regulate HFSCs through norepinephrine, whereas APMs maintain sympathetic innervation to HFSCs. Without norepinephrine signaling, HFSCs enter deep quiescence by down-regulating the cell cycle and metabolism while up-regulating quiescence regulators Foxp1 and Fgf18. During development, HFSC progeny secretes Sonic Hedgehog (SHH) to direct the formation of this APM-sympathetic nerve niche, which in turn controls hair follicle regeneration in adults. Our results reveal a reciprocal interdependence between a regenerative tissue and its niche at different stages and demonstrate sympathetic nerves can modulate stem cells through synapse-like connections and neurotransmitters to couple tissue production with demands.
【链接】
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0092867420308084
主要参考资料：
https://eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2020-07/hu-trr072020.php