燃气具CE认证 _生活百科

燃气具CE认证【燃气具CE认证】商品的自由流通是建立单一市场的基石，实现商品自由流通的机制就是CE标誌，这个机制建立在欧盟各国之间避免产生新的贸易壁垒、相互认可和技术标準协调之上。为了使指令里规定的产品基本要求更具有可操作性，由各成员国负责将本国的标準与之协调一致。并且协调标準是否符合指令精神的讨论机制和标準修改机制也随之建立起来。由于指令里规定的要求是各国都要遵守的要求，所以这些要求应该是公认的防範安全隐患或其他危害的最低纲领。为了在实践中得到贯彻，欧盟进规定产品是否符合指令规定的基本要求的可靠的评估方式，即人们俗称的CE认证。

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欧盟起源20世纪40年代，西欧国家感到，要在美苏两大国之间保证自己的安全，提高国际地位，加快经济发展，必须联合起来，因此力推欧洲一体化进程。欧洲一体化可分五个层次：建立自由贸易区、关税同盟、统一大市场、经济货币联盟和政治联盟。欧Qq洲单一市场1985年，法国前财政部长雅克·德洛尔开始担任欧共体委员会主席。同年6月，在米兰首脑会议上，欧洲委员会正式提出要在欧共体内部建立“无国界”的统一大市场，真正实行人员、商品、资本、服务的自由流通。1986年欧共体签署《欧洲单一档案》，计画创建单一市场，同年西班牙和葡萄牙加入欧共体。1993年1月1日，欧洲统一大市场正式投入运作。CE标誌其原则如下：- 协调统一的法律档案（即欧盟指令）规定的内容仅限于产品的基本要求，以利于产品在欧盟範围内自由流通；- 欧盟协调标準包含了指令的基本要求；- 欧盟协调标準和其他标準的适用是自愿的，产品可以选择适用欧盟协调标準，也可以适用别的的技术规範以满足指令规定的基本要求；- 产品满足了欧盟协调标準当然地确认为满足了指令的基本要求。- 引入产品评估模组化概念，由评估模组组成产品评估程式，按照评估程式经评估合格的产品使用CE标誌；- 引入统一欧盟协调标準、质量管理体系标準（EN ISO 9000系列）和评估机构的质量保证标準（EN45000系列）；- 在欧盟的层次上、在各成员国之间建立评估机构认可体系和评估机构之间的比对机制；- 在原来各国各自为阵的产品测试和认证领域建立互认机制；- 简化各成员国之间、各行业之间质量领域系统结构（如：计量和校验系统、测试实验室、认证和检验组织、认可组织）的差异；- 利用互认协定、合作和其他技术协助项目，推动成员国之间、成员国与欧盟以外的国家之间的国际贸易。CE标誌的目的是要提供实践中确实可行的灵活的产品合格评估的途径，以满足全球经济一体化趋势下现代工业生产的多样性。迎合产品研发、生产、流通的各个阶段（如：设计、打样、生产），产品评估模组分为技术档案检查、型式测试、质量保证，以及在实践中由生产者或第三方机构完成评估。产品在投放市场和投入服务前都必须满足所有适用的欧盟指令的基本要求，选择适当的产品评估程式进行产品评估合格后标记CE标誌。凡是标记CE标誌的产品都认为已经满足了欧盟的所有指令，各成员国必须採取积极措施保证其在单一市场自由流通，除非有明确的证据表明该产品并不满足适用指令里的基本要求，或该产品存在尚未被现有指令规定的某种显着危险。评估模组中规定由第三方机构作为评估机构进行产品符合性评估的机构必须是欧盟成员国指定的、按照审核程式审核通过的公告机构。Advantica就是其中的一个公告机构，公告号码为0087 。欧盟指令目前，适用CE标誌的欧盟指令共有二十几个（如：低电压指令LVD、电磁兼容性指令EMC、燃器具指令GAD、锅炉能效指令BED、机械指令MD等）。这二十几个指令均包含以下内容：- 产品範围- 产品投放市场和投入服务的规定- 产品的基本技术要求- 在单一市场自由流通的规定- 标记CE标誌的产品被当然地认为满足指令基本要求的规定- 保护性条款- 产品评估模组和由模组组成的产品评估程式- 公告机构和CE标誌的规定一个产品在投入欧盟市场销售或投入使用之前，产品标记CE标誌，往往涉及多个欧盟指令的要求，燃气具产品也不例外。比如，燃气烧烤炉和燃气灶具必须满足燃气具指令（GAD）的要求；使用市电的电子控制燃气烤箱必须满足燃气具指令（GAD）、低电压指令（LVD）和电磁兼容性指令（EMC）的要求；使用市电的电子控制燃气热水器和电子控制燃气锅炉必须满足燃气具指令（GAD）、低电压指令（LVD）、电磁兼容性指令（EMC）和锅炉能效指令（BED）。所以，一款燃器具产品的CE认证要考察以下三个问题：1. 产品适用哪个或哪几个欧盟指令？2. 这些欧盟指令规定的产品评估模组和由评估模组组成的产品评估程式是怎样的？3. 产品需要分别符合哪些欧盟协调标準才可以当然地认为分别满足了这些欧盟指令的要求？燃气具产品适用的欧盟指令燃气具指令——毋庸置疑，燃气具产品肯定适用欧盟燃气具指令（GAD）。燃气具指令包括的产品範围为：以气体燃料为主要能源用于烹饪、加热、热水、製冷、照明或洗涤的器具及用于这些器具的安全控制部件或组件，如果器具含有水来工作，则水正常工作的温度不超过105OC 。纯工业过程用途的燃气燃烧设备不属于燃气具指令範围。锅炉能效指令——以液态燃料或气态燃料为主要能源、以水为热传递媒介、额定输出功率在4kW和400kW之间的器具为锅炉能效指令的产品範围。一般燃气热水器、热气壁挂炉都适用锅炉能效指令。低电压指令——额定输入电压在50～1000Vac或75～1500Vdc的普通电器产品均应适用低电压指令的要求。燃气具产品如果使用了市电给控制电路供电，则该产品同时也要满足低电压指令即电气安全的要求。电磁兼容性指令——普通电器产品均适用电磁兼容性指令。燃气具产品如果使用了控制电路控制燃气供给，不管这个控制电路是由市电还是乾电池供应电能，产品都应该满足电磁兼容性指令的要求。燃气具产品符合性评估模组和由模组组成的评估程式燃气具指令——燃气具指令包含的评估模组有六个，分别称之为：模式B、C、D、E、F和G 。由这些模组组成的评估程式有五种，根据产品生产的实际情况和厂商的选择，五种评估程式中的任何一种都能取得CE认证。以流程图的方式可以右上角的图表示。锅炉能效指令——类似于燃气具指令，但少了模式F和G 。共有四个模组：模式B、C、D和E ，三个由评估模组组成的评估程式：B-C、B-D和B-E 。低电压指令、电磁兼容性指令——均可以适用自我声明的方式取得CE标誌，但要有相关的产品技术资料备查。燃气具产品符合性评估所用的具体技术标準燃气具指令下的协调标準燃气具指令——到目前为止，具体体现指令基本要求的燃气具产品标準共有61个，请见下表。EN 26 Gas-fired instantaneous water heaters for sanitary uses production, fitted with atmospheric burnersEN 30 Domestic cooking appliances burning gas fuelEN 88 Pressure governors for gas appliances for inlet pressures up to 200 mbarEN 89 Gas-fired storage water heaters for the production of domestic hot waterEN 125 Flame supervision devices for gas burning appliances — Thermo-electric flame supervision devicesEN 126 Multifunctional controls for gas burning appliancesEN 161 Automatic shut-off valves for gas burners and gas appliancesEN 203 Gas heated catering equipmentEN 257 Mechanical thermostats for gas-burning appliancesEN 297 Gas-fired central heating boilers — Type B11 and B11BS boilers fitted with atmospheric burners of nominal heat input not exceeding 70 kWEN 298 Automatic gas burner control systems for gas burners and gas burning appliances with or without fansEN 303 Heating boilersEN 377 Lubricants for applications in appliances and associated controls using combustible gases except those designed for use in industrial processesEN 416 Single burner gas-fired overhead radiant-tube heatersEN 419 Non-domestic gas-fired overhead luminous radiant heaters EN 437 Test gases — Test pressures — Appliance categoriesEN 449 Specification for dedicated liquefied petroleum gas appliances — Domestic flueless space heaters (including diffusive catalytic combustion heaters)EN 461 Specification for dedicated liquefied petroleum gas appliances — Flueless nondomestic space heaters not exceeding 10 kWEN 483 Gas-fired central heating boilers — Type C boilers of nominal heat input not exceeding 70 kWEN 484 Specification for dedicated liquefied petroleum gas appliances — Independent hotplates, including those incorporating a grill for outdoor useEN 497 Specification for dedicated liquefied petroleum gas appliances — Multi purpose boiling burners for outdoor useEN 498 Specification for dedicated liquefied petroleum gas appliances — Barbecues for outdoor useEN 509 Decorative fuel-effect gas appliancesEN 521 Specifications for dedicated liquefied petroleum gas appliances — Portable vapour pressure liquefied petroleum gas appliancesEN 525 Non-domestic direct gas-fired forced convection air heaters for space heating not exceeding a net heat input of 300 kWEN 549 Rubber materials for seals and diaphragms for gas appliances and gas equipmentEN 613 Independent gas-fired convection heatersEN 621 Non-domestic gas-fired forced convection air heaters for space heating not exceeding a net heat input of 300 kW, without a fan to assist transportation of combustion air and/or combustion products EN 624 Specification for dedicated LPG appliances — Room sealed LPG space heating equipment for installation in vehicles and boatsEN 625 Gas-fired central heating boilers — Specific requirements for the domestic hot water operation of combination boilers of nominal heat input not exceeding 70 kWEN 656 Gas-fired central heating boilers — Type B boilers of nominal heat input exceeding 70 kW but not exceeding 300 kWEN 676 Automatic forced draught burners for gaseous fuelsEN 677 Gas-fired central heating boilers — Specific requirements for condensing boilers with a nominal heat input not exceeding 70 kWEN 732 Specifications for dedicated liquefied petroleum gas appliances — Absorption refrigeratorsEN 751 Sealing materials for metallic threaded joints in contact with 1st, 2nd and 3rd family gases and hot waterEN 777 Multi-burner gas-fired overhead radiant tube heater systems for non-domestic useEN 778 Domestic gas-fired forced convection air heaters for space heating not exceeding a net heat input of 70 kW, without a fan to assist transportation of combustion air and/or combustion productsEN 1020 Non-domestic gas-fired forced convection air heaters for space heating not exceeding a net heat input of 300 kW, incorporating a fan to assist transportation of combustion air and/or combustion productsEN 1106 Manually operated taps for gas burning appliances EN 1196 Domestic and non-domestic gas-fired air heaters — Supplementary requirements for condensing air heatersEN 1266 Independent gas-fired convection heaters incorporating a fan to assist transportation of combustion air and/or flue gasesEN 1319 Domestic gas-fired forced convection air heaters for space heating, with fanassisted burners not exceeding a net heat input of 70 kWEN 1458 Domestic direct gas-fired tumble dryers of types B22D and B23D, of nominal heat input not exceeding 6 kWEN 1596 Specification for dedicated liquefied petroleum gas appliances — Mobile and portable non-domestic forced convection direct fired air heatersEN 1643 Valve proving systems for automatic shut-off valves for gas burners and gas appliancesEN 1854 Pressure sensing devices for gas burners and gas burning appliancesEN 12067 Gas/air ratio controls for gas burners and gas burning appliancesEN 12078 Zero governors for gas burners and gas burning appliancesEN 12244 Direct gas-fired washing machines, of nominal heat input not exceeding 20 kWEN 12309 Gas-fired absorption and adsorption air-conditioning and/or heat pump appliances with a net heat input not exceeding 70 kWEN 12669 Direct gas-fired hot air blowers for use in greenhouses and supplementary nondomestic space heatingEN 12752 Gas-fired type B tumble dryers of nominal heat input not exceeding 20 kW EN 12864 Low-pressure, non adjustable regulators having a maximum outlet pressure of less than or equal to 200 mbar, with a capacity of less than or equal to 4 kg/h, and their associated safety devices for butane, propane or their mixturesEN 13278 Open fronted gas-fired independent space heatersEN 13611 Safety and control devices for gas burners and gas-burning appliances — General requirementsEN 13785 Regulators with a capacity of up to and including 100 kg/h, having a maximum nominal outlet pressure of up to and including 4 bar, other than those covered by EN 12864 and their associated safety devices for butane, propane or their mixturesEN 13786 Automatic change-over valves having a maximum outlet pressure of up to and including 4 bar with a capacity of up to and including 100 kg/h, and their associated safety devices for butane, propane or their mixturesEN 13836 Gas fired central heating boilers — Type B boilers of nominal heat input exceeding 300 kW, but not exceeding 1 000 kWEN 14438 Gas-fired insets for heating more than one roomEN 14543 Specification for dedicated liquefied petroleum gas appliances — Parasol patio heaters — Flueless radiant heaters for outdoor or amply ventilated area useEN 15033 Room sealed storage water heaters for the production of sanitary hot water using LPG for vehicles and boats锅炉能效指令——体现锅炉能效指令基本技术要求没有另外专门的标準，能效要求都包含在燃气具指令相关产品标準里。低电压指令、电磁兼容性指令——适用的标準同家用电器产品标準，如：EN 60335-1 ， EN 55014-1 ， EN 55014-2 ， EN 61000-3-2 ， EN 61000-3-3等。欧洲燃气具官方认证机构IMQ意美酷是欧洲官方燃气具检测认证机构，欧盟编号是0051 。