first name是名还是姓 first name在中文里是名还是姓 _name

和中国人名不同，英美国家的人名都比较长，一般结构为：名（first name/given name）+自取名（middle name, 中间名字）+姓（surname）。
他们称呼陌生人一般叫姓，比如，Mr Obama，而称呼熟人亲友一般直呼其名，比如Megan Markle的好朋友可能直接管她叫Megan 。而一般人在自我介绍时通常只说名+姓。
值得一提的是，西方女性在结婚以后会冠夫姓，她们婚前的名字叫maiden name（娘家姓），结婚以后的姓叫married name（夫姓）。比如，美国前第一夫人米歇尔的maiden name是Michelle LaVaughn Robinson，结婚以后就变成了Michelle LaVaughn Robinson Obama 。
很多我们熟悉的明星名字其实都不是他们的given name，他们当中很多人在出道时都不约而同地选择自己的中间名作为艺名（stage name）。
比如，曾是美国演员的英国梅根王妃正式的名字其实是Rachel；布拉德·皮特出道时用的也是自己的中间名；“雪诺”基特·哈灵顿的名字其实只是个昵称。
来看看明星们的“真名”都叫啥？
梅根王妃名叫瑞秋

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Britain's Meghan Markle, Duchess of Sussex, arrives at the Casablanca Airport in Casablanca, Morocco, February 23, 2019. REUTERS/Hannah McKay/Pool
It turns out Meghan Markle's first name isn't Meghan at all, it's Rachel. Meghan is actually the Duchess's middle name. Rachel is also the name of her character on "Suits."
梅根·马克尔的名字并不是梅根，而是瑞秋。梅根其实是她的中间名。瑞秋也是她在《金装律师》中饰演的角色的名字。
基特·哈灵顿的名字是昵称

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Kit Harington arrives for the premiere of the final season of "Game of Thrones" at Radio City Music Hall in New York, US, April 3, 2019. REUTERS/Caitlin Ochs
According to an interview with Glamour magazine, Kit Harington didn't know his first name was Christopher until he was 11 years old. Reportedly "Kit" is a traditional nickname of "Christopher." Kit's middle name is Catesby. He shares the middle name with his brother Jake and it's his mother's maiden name.
基特·哈灵顿在接受《Glamour》杂志的访谈时曾透露，他一直到11岁才知道自己的名字是克里斯多夫。据报道，基特是克里斯多夫的传统昵称。基特的中间名是凯茨比。他的哥哥杰克的中间名也是凯茨比，凯茨比是他母亲的娘家姓。
Harington said that he nearly chose "Kit Catesby" as his stage name but decided against it.
哈灵顿说，他差点就选了“基特·凯茨比”做艺名，不过后来还是放弃了。
maiden name: （女子的）婚前姓；娘家姓
瑞茜·威瑟斯彭用母亲的娘家姓当艺名

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Cast member Reese Witherspoon attends a panel for the second season of the HBO series "Big Little Lies", during the Television Critics Association (TCA) Winter Press Tour in Pasadena, California, US, February 8, 2019. REUTERS/Mario Anzuoni
Reese Witherspoon's given name is Laura Jeanne Reese Witherspoon. The actress actually uses her two last names as her stage name. Reese is her mother's maiden name.
瑞茜·威瑟斯彭的全名是劳拉·珍妮·瑞茜·威瑟斯彭。她将自己的后面两个名字作为艺名。瑞茜是她母亲的娘家姓。
布拉德·皮特其实叫威廉

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22nd Hollywood Film Awards - Show - Beverly Hills, California, US, 04/11/2018 - Presenter Brad Pitt speaks at the podium. REUTERS/Mario Anzuoni
The name "Brad" is a shortened version of his middle name "Bradley." Pitt's full name is William Bradley Pitt.
布拉德是皮特中间名“布拉德利”的简写版，他的全名是威廉·布拉德利·皮特。
布莱克·莱弗利和她父亲都随母亲姓

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Actress Blake Lively poses for a photo before attending the Versace presentation in New York, US. December 2, 2018. REUTERS/Allison Joyce
Blake Lively was born Blake Ellender Brown. Lively chose to take her mother's maiden name before entering Hollywood stardom. She wasn't the only one who took her mother's last name. When her mother and father got married, her dad chose to take her mom's last name too.
布莱克·莱弗利出生时全名叫布莱克·艾伦德·布朗。她在好莱坞出道前选择改随母亲的姓。她不是唯一一个用母亲姓氏的人。她的父母结婚时，她的父亲也改用了母亲的姓。
As for her first name? She was named after her grandmother's brother.